September 2026. Volume 22. Number 3

Can we quantify the risk of neoplasms related to imaging tests?

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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AVC | Critically appraised articles

Smith-Bindman R, Alber SA, Kwan ML, Pequeno P, Bolch WE, Bowles EJA, et al. Medical imaging and pediatric and adolescent hematologic cancer risk. N Engl J Med. 2025;393(13):1269-78.

Reviewers: Martínez Rubio MV1, Rivas Fernández MÁ2.
1Pediatra. CS Los Fresnos. Torrejón de Ardoz. Madrid. España.
2Servicio de Pediatría. Hospital Universitario General de Cataluña. Barcelona. Sant Cugat del Vallés. España.
Correspondence: M.ª Victoria Martínez Rubio. Email: victmrubio@gmail.com
Reception date: 09/09/2026
Acceptance date: 15/09/2026
Publication date: 23/09/2026

Abstract

Authors´ conclusions: children exposed to radiation for medical imaging have a low risk of developing hematological malignancies. This association cannot be attributed to chance, as a dose-response relationship exists between the cumulative dose in bone marrow and the risk of developing hematological malignancy.

Reviewers´ commentary: this study provides evidence that radiation from medical imaging is associated with an increased risk of hematological malignancies in children, even at doses below 50 mGy. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully weigh the benefits and risks when performing imaging studies in children to minimize radiation exposure whenever possible.

How to cite this article

Martínez Rubio V, Rivas Fernández, MA. ¿Podemos cuantificar el riesgo de neoplasias relacionadas con pruebas de imagen? Evid Pediatr. 2026;22:32.

AVC | Critically appraised articles

Smith-Bindman R, Alber SA, Kwan ML, Pequeno P, Bolch WE, Bowles EJA, et al. Medical imaging and pediatric and adolescent hematologic cancer risk. N Engl J Med. 2025;393(13):1269-78.

Reviewers: Martínez Rubio MV1, Rivas Fernández MÁ2.
1Pediatra. CS Los Fresnos. Torrejón de Ardoz. Madrid. España.
2Servicio de Pediatría. Hospital Universitario General de Cataluña. Barcelona. Sant Cugat del Vallés. España.
Correspondence: M.ª Victoria Martínez Rubio. Email: victmrubio@gmail.com
Reception date: 09/09/2026
Acceptance date: 15/09/2026
Publication date: 23/09/2026

How to cite this article

Martínez Rubio V, Rivas Fernández, MA. ¿Podemos cuantificar el riesgo de neoplasias relacionadas con pruebas de imagen? Evid Pediatr. 2026;22:32.


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Linked Comment

Methodological note